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The complex demands associated with automated driving cannot be managed by a single company. That is why Bosch has concluded strategic partnerships with other companies and initiated numerous pilot and research projects. Such joint commitment covers many areas of automated driving and ranges from the development of innovative camera sensors and connected onboard systems through the generation of detailed , high-resolution digital maps to fully automated driving system for the city.
While some projects are based on technology already available today, such as sensors, others are clearly aligned toward the development of future technologies.
Find out more about the partnerships concluded, the resulting synergies, and how they help to get automated vehicles onto the road safely.
The interior monitoring system detects driver drowsiness and distraction, and provides driving assistance.
International studies state that nearly one in ten accidents are caused by distraction or drowsiness. To avert such accidents Bosch has developed a new interior monitoring system featuring cameras and artificial intelligence (AI). The system is able to detect driver distraction and signs of drowsiness and it alerts the driver to critical situations. By keeping an eye on what is happening inside the car, it is hoped that a fundamental problem of self-driving cars will be solved. If responsibility for driving is to be transferred to the driver again following an automated drive on the freeway, say, the car needs to be sure that the driver is neither sleeping, nor reading the newspaper, nor writing e-mails on their smartphone.
Special sensors scan the vehicle’s surroundings to create a road signature.
The satellite data used by navigation systems is, on its own, not adequate for determining the position of automated vehicles with sufficient accuracy. What is needed is a holistic solution comprising hardware, software, and services. This is precisely the kind of package Bosch is now offering as a redundant system that is unique in the world. The motion and position sensor specially developed by Bosch makes it possible for vehicles to determine their own position with pinpoint precision. A network of stationary terrestrial reference stations is used to correct inaccuracies in the satellite data. Smart Bosch algorithms then process the data from the various sources to accurately determine the position. Finally, the Bosch road signature service provides additional redundancy using a combination of map-based localization and sensors that scan the vehicle’s surroundings.
The combination of vehicle data and weather data helps provide the necessary standard of safety.
Correctly judging the state of the road surface is essential for safe driving. This assessment has hitherto been based mainly on each driver’s own perception of the surroundings. Bosch, however, has developed a predictive road-condition service that enables the vehicle itself to identify potential hazards in good time. The new multiphase concept uses weather data from Bosch partner Foreca and vehicle data collected from all connected cars. All this information is combined and analyzed using smart technologies to produce an accurate prediction that not only enhances safety in vehicles of all SAE automation levels but will also ensure that the availability of all highly automated driving functions is maximized.
Safety during automated driving means more than just consistently avoiding accidents. Automated and connected vehicles must also be protected from external manipulation. Furthermore, it must be possible to handle a possible failure by a system of safety relevance at all times.
Bosch already offers effective solutions for both: redundant system components protecting against failures and a well-conceived security concept for protecting against manipulation.
For highly and fully automated driving, drivers no longer need to monitor the system. Then the safety of the occupants must be ensured by the system. Although the risk of failure of the system and individual components can be reduced to a minimum – it cannot be entirely eliminated. To safeguard the system against malfunctions, safety-critical sub-systems such as steering, braking, onboard power supply and data processing have a redundant design are controlled independently. When one system fails, another system is always is always capable of assuming the respective task and, for example, bringing the vehicle to a safe standstill in a critical situation.
Bosch already offers a redundant solution for safeguarding the braking system: independently of each other, the iBooster , an electromechanical brake booster, and the ESP® brake control system can decelerate the vehicle to a standstill without requiring intervention by the driver. The Servolectric® electric power steering from Bosch is also one of the key technologies for automated driving. The steering solution meets all safety requirements for highly automated driving.
In the event of a cyberattack on the automated vehicle, Bosch’s multilayered IT security concept protects the vehicle systems against unauthorized access and manipulation. The microcontrollers, control units, in-vehicle communication system, vehicle electrical system, and interfaces to the internet and cloud are all secured with dedicated security measures. Even if attackers do manage to defeat individual security mechanisms, they will not gain access to the entire system and its security-critical components. Furthermore, an attack detection software is updated continuously to keep the automated vehicle protected and to secure it against new threats too.
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